

18
ŇńŋŁŒŁ őŒŐŁŒňŒňʼnņő ʼnŎňŌŌňŎŊŎŃňŁő
ŞřŲŴũ ŚšŢŦŪŢ ŷůŦ ťŞ ūŬūŸŮŢ ũŞ ŠŜũŢŦ ŬŞŠŞůŦŧŷůŤůŞ ŚŮŞ Şŷ ůŤũ ŢŞũř-
ŮůŞŮŤ Ůůūũ ůūŚŞ ůŴũ ŤŨŢŧůŬūũŦŧŹũ ŰūŨūŠŦŮůŹũ.
50
ĻůŞũ űŰŮŦŧŷ, ŨūŦŷũ, ūŦ šŬŞŞůŦŧŚŭ ŞŰůŚŭ ŢŪŢŨŜŪŢŦŭ Ůůūũ ůūŚŞ ůŤŭ ůŢŲũūŨūŠŜ-
Şŭ ŧŞŦ ůŴũ ŮůŬŞůŦŴůŦŧŹũ ŢŦŲŢŦŬśŮŢŴũ ũŞ Ťũ ŢŚůŬŢŞũ ŮůŤũ ūŨŦůŦŧś ŤŠŢ-
ŮŜŞ, ŷŮū řŨŨūũ ŮůūŰŭ ūŨŜůŢŭ, ũŞ ůŦŭ ŞŬŞŧūŨūŰťśŮūŰũ ŧŞŦ ũŞ ůŦŭ ŧŞůŞũū-
śŮūŰũ. ņ ŢűřũŦŮŤ ůŴũ űūŬŤůŹũ (laptop) ņŨŢŧůŬūũŦŧŹũ œūŨūŠŦŮůŹũ ŧŞŦ ůūŰ
šŦŞšŦŧůŸūŰ, ŮŢ ŮŰũšŰŞŮŷ Ţ ůŤ ŮůŞšŦŞŧś ŢŜŮūšŷ ůŴũ ŮůŦŭ ūŦŧŜŢŭ ŷŨŴũ ůŴũ ū-
ŨŦůŹũ ŧŞťŹŭ ŧŞŦ ūŦ ŢŪŢŨŜŪŢŦŭ Ůůūũ ůūŚŞ ůŴũ ŤŨŢŧůŬūũŦŧŹũ ŞŦŲũŦšŦŹũ ūŨŚ-
ūŰ, ŬūŮŚűŢŬŞũ ŮůŦŭ ŚũūŨŢŭ šŰũřŢŦŭ ůŤ šŰũŞůŷůŤůŞ ũŞ «ŰśŮūŰũ» ůūŰŭ ůŢ-
ŨŢŰůŞŜūŰŭ, ŦšŦŞŜůŢŬŞ ůūŰŭ ũŢŷůŢŬūŰŭ ŤŨŦŧŦŞŧř, ŮŢ ŮŰŠŧŢŧŬŦŚũŢŭ ūŬűŚŭ ůūŰ
ŨŤŬūűūŬŦŞŧūŸ-ŤŨŢŧůŬūũŦŧūŸ ūŨŚūŰ.
51
ŋŚŮŴ ůŤŭ űŞũůŞŮŦŞŧř ŢũŢŬŠūŸŭ ŧŞŦ
ůŞŰůŷŲŬūũŞ ŞŮűŞŨūŸŭ ŮŰŢůūŲśŭ ůŴũ ŲŬŤŮůŹũ-ŞŦŧůŹũ ŮůŞ ŮŰŠŧŢŧŬŦŚ-
ũŞ ŞŦŲũŜšŦŞ ūŨŚūŰ ūŰ ŢůŞűŚŬūŰũ ŷŲŦ ŷũū ŨŤŬūűūŬŜŢŭ Şŷ ůū ŢŲťŬŦŧŷ
ŢŬŦşřŨŨūũ ŞŨŨř ŧŞŦ Şŷ ůŦŭ ūŨŦŧŚŭ ŧŞŦ ůŢŲũūŨūŠŦŧŚŭ «ŞŬŢůŚŭ» ůŴũ ŢťũŦŧŹũ
ŢũŷŨŴũ šŰũřŢŴũ, ūŦ ůŢŨŢŰůŞŜŢŭ ŧŞůūŬťŹũūŰũ ũŞ ůŬūűūšūůūŸũ ůū Ÿťū ůūŰ
ŞũŜŧŤůūŰ, ŮůŞŰŬūűŷŬūŰ ůŤŭ šŤūŧŬŞůŜŞŭ, ůŤŭ ŢŨŢŰťŢŬŜŞŭ, ůŤŭ ŦŮŷůŤůŞŭ ŧŞŦ
ůŤŭ ŬūŷšūŰ. ŋŢ ůūũ ůŬŷū ŞŰůŷ ūŦ ūŨŜůŢŭ ŢũŤŢŬŹũūũůŞŦ ŠŦŞ ŷŮŞ ŮŰşŞŜ-
ũūŰũ Ůůū ťŚŞůŬū ůūũ ŢŦŲŢŦŬśŮŢŴũ ŧŞŦ ŬūŮűŚŬūŰũ ůŤũ ŞŞŬŞŜůŤůŤ ŧūŦũŴũŦŧś
ŮůśŬŦŪŤ ūŰ ŲŬŢŦřţŢůŞŦ Ť ŮůŬŞůŦŴůŦŧś ŤŠŢŮŜŞ, ŠŦŞ ũŞ ŬūŲŴŬśŮŢŦ Ţ ůŞ ŮŲŚšŦř
ůŤŭ.
52
ņ ŷūŦŞ ŬūŮřťŢŦŞ ŚŧťŢŮŤŭ ůŴũ ŞŬũŤůŦŧŹũ ŢŦůŹŮŢŴũ Ůůū ŢŰŬŸůŢŬū
ŧūŦũŴũŦŧŷ ŮŸũūŨū ůŴũ ŮŰŠŧŢŧŬŦŚũŴũ ŢťŷšŴũ ŧŞŦ ŬŞŧůŦŧŹũ, ŧŞťŹŭ ŧŞŦ Ť
50. J. Dunnigan,
Digital Soldiers: The Evolution of High-Tech Weaponry and Tomorrow’s
Brave New BattleÀeld
(New York: St.Martin’s Press, 1996), M. De Landa, “”Economics,
Computers and the War Machine” in T. Druckery (ed),
Ars Electronica: Facing the Future
(Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1998) ŧŞŦ űŰŮŦŧř ůŞ šŸū ŚŬŠŞ ůūŰ M. Van Creveld,
Technol-
ogy and War
(New York: Free Press, 1988) ŧŞŦ
The Transformation of War
(New York:
Free Press, 1991)
51. «ńŢŜŭ šŢũ ŞūŧŬŸůūŰŢ ůū ŠŢŠūũŷŭ ŷůŦ ū ŮůŬŞůŷŭ ŢŜũŞŦ šŦŞŲŢŦŬŦŮůśŭ şŜŞŭ,» ůūũŜţŢŦ ū
Brian Ball, ŚũŞŭ Şŷ ůūŰŭ šŤŦūŰŬŠūŸŭ ŤŨŢŧůŬūũŦŧŹũ ŞŦŲũŦšŦŹũ ūŨŚūŰ. «ŁũůŜťŢůŞ,
ŢŨŜţūŰŢ ŷůŦ Ť ŚŧťŢŮŤ ŞŰůś ťŞ şūŤťśŮŢŦ ůūŰŭ ūŨŜůŢŭ ũŞ ŧŞůŞŨřşūŰũ ůū ŬŷŨū
[ŮŰũŢŦŮűūŬř] ůŴũ ŢũŷŨŴũ šŰũřŢŴũ Ůůūũ ŞŢŬŦŧŞũŦŧŷ ůŬŷū ţŴśŭ». G. Goodale, “Vid-
eo Game Offers Young Recruits a Peek at Military Life”,
Christian Science Monitor,
31
ŋŞŜūŰ 2003
52. ĽŴŭ ůūũŜţŢŦ ŧŞŦ ū Halter ůŞ ŤŨŢŧůŬūũŦŧř ŞŦŲũŜšŦŞ ūŨŚūŰ ŞŬūŰŮŦřţūŰũ ŮůŤũ
ŧūŦũŴũŜŞ, ŦšŦŞŜůŢŬŞ ůŤ ũŢūŨŞŜŞ, ůŤũ ŢŦŧŷũŞ ŷůŦ ū ŮůŬŞůŷŭ ŢŜũŞŦ ůŢŲũūŨūŠŦŧř ŮůŤũ
ŧūŬŰűś ůŤŭ ŰŬŞŜšŞŭ, šŤŦūŰŬŠŢŜ ŮŰũŞŦŮťŤŞůŦŧś ŢŰűūŬŜŞ ŮůŞ ŮůŢŨŚŲŤ ůūŰ ŧŞŦ ŢŜũŞŦ
ŮŸŠŲŬūũūŭ ťŢŮŷŭ Ţ ŞŹůŢŬū Ůŧūŷ ũŞ ůūŰŭ ŢŜŮŢŦ ũŞ ŢũůŞŲťūŸũ, Ţ ůŤ ťŚŨŤŮś ůūŰŭ,
Ůůū ŞũťŬŹŦũū šŰũŞŦŧŷ ůūŰ. Ed. Halter,
From Sun Tzu to Xbox: War and Video Games
(New York: Thunder’s Mouth Press, 2006) ŮŢŨ.xvii, xix ńŜŮŤŭ, W. Woodley, “From ‘An
Army of One’ to Army of Fun: Online Video Game Helps Build Ranks”,
Times-Picayune
, 7
őŢůŚşŬŤ 2003 ŧŞŦ H. Giroux, “War on Terror: The Militarising of Public Space and Cul-
ture in the United States”,
Third Text,
Vol.18, No.4 (2004) ŮŢŨ.216