Η ΟΔΗΓΙΑ 2014/59 ΓΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΕΚΚΑΘΑΡΙΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΕΞΥΓΙΑΝΣΗ ΠΙΣΤΩΤΙΚΩΝ ΙΔΡΥΜΑΤΩΝ

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ńňőŁŃŸŃņ 9
Ť ›ŬřŪŤ ŢŜũŞŦ ›řũůŞ ū ůŢŨŦŧŷŭ ŧŬŦůśŭ ůŴũ ŮŰũޛŢŦŹũ, ůŤŭ ޛŦůŰŲŜŞŭ ś Ş›ūůŰŲŜ-
Şŭ —ŦŞŭ ũū—ūťŢůŦŧśŭ ޛŦŨūŠśŭ32.
III. Œū ›ūŨŦůŦŧŷ ŧŞŦ ťŢٗŦŧŷ ›ŨŞŜŮŦū ůŤŭ ŎšŤŠŜŞŭ
2014/59 ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ŢŧŧŞťřŬŦŮŤ ŧŞŦ ŢŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤ
›ŦŮůŴůŦŧŹũ ŦšŬۗřůŴũ
ĽůŞũ ūŦ šŰٗŢũŢŜŭ ŮŰũŚ›ŢŦŢŭ ůŤŭ ūŦŧūũū—Ŧŧśŭ ŧŬŜŮŤŭ řŬŲŦŮŞũ ũŞ ŠŜũūũůŞŦ ŞŦŮťŤ-
ůŚŭ ŧŞŦ ũŞ Ţ›ŦšŬūŸũ ŧŞŦ Ůůūũ ŲŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧŷ ůū—ŚŞ, ŚŠŦũŢ Ţ—űŞũśŭ Ť ŚŨŨŢŦųŤ
Ţũŷŭ ۛŢŬŢťũŦŧūŸ ũū—ūťŢůŦŧūŸ ›ŨŞŦŮŜūŰ ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ŞũŞšŦūŬŠřũŴŮŤ, ůŤũ šŦŢŰťŚ-
ůŤŮŤ ŧŞŦ ůŤũ ŢŧŧŞťřŬŦŮŤ ›ŦŮůŴůŦŧŹũ ŦšŬۗřůŴũ. ņ ŚŨŨŢŦųŤ ŞŰůś ›ŬūŧŞŨūŸŮŢ
šŦŞŬŧś ŞũřŠŧŤ ŧŬŞůŦŧśŭ ŢũŜŮŲŰŮŤŭ ůŴũ ›ŦŮůŴůŦŧŹũ ŦšŬۗřůŴũ —Ţ ůŤũ ŢŧůŞ—Ŝ-
ŢŰŮŤ —ŢŠřŨŴũ ›ūŮŹũ ůŞ ū›ūŜŞ Ţ›ŦşřŬŰũŞũ ůūũ ŧŬŞůŦŧŷ ›ŬūŶ›ūŨūŠŦٗŷ ŧŞŦ ޛŦ-
ŠŢũū—ŚũŴŭ ůūŰŭ űūŬūŨūŠūۗŚũūŰŭ 33. ŎŦ ŮŰũťśŧŢŭ ůŤŭ ›ŬŷŮűŞůŤŭ ūŦŧūũū—Ŧŧśŭ
ŧŬŜŮŤŭ Ť ū›ūŜŞ řŬŲŦŮŢ ũŞ Ţ›ŤŬŢřţŢŦ ůŞ ťŢ—ŚŨŦŞ ůūŰ ›ŦŮůŴůŦŧūŸ ŮŰŮůś—Şůūŭ, ŧŞŦ
ůŞ ›ŬūşŨś—ŞůŞ, ŦšŜŴŭ ū ŮŰŮůŤ—Ŧŧŷŭ ŧŜũšŰũūŭ Ş›ŷ ůŤũ «›ůŹŲŢŰŮŤ» (failure) ›Ŧ-
ŮůŴůŦŧŹũ ŦšŬۗřůŴũ —Ţ šŦŞŮŰũūŬŦŞŧŚŭ ŢŬŠŞŮŜŢŭ, ŠŚũũŤŮŞũ ůŤũ ŞũřŠŧŤ ŠŦŞ ŚũŞũ
ŮŰũůūũŦٗŷ ůŴũ ŢťũŦŧŹũ ũū—ūťŢŮŦŹũ ŧŞůř ůŤũ ŞũůŦ—ŢůŹ›ŦŮŤ ůŤŭ ůŬŞ›ŢţŦŧśŭ
«ŞűŢŬŢŠŠŰŷůŤůŞŭ»34. ňšŜŴŭ Ţũůŷŭ ůŤŭ ńŰŬŴ›Şŵŧśŭ ĺũŴŮŤŭ Ť ŧŞůřŬŬŢŰŮŤ Ţũŷŭ
›ŦŮůŴůŦŧūŸ ŦšŬŸ—Şůūŭ —›ūŬŢŜ ũŞ ›ŬūŧŞŨŚŮŢŦ ŞŨŰŮŦšŴůř ›ŬūşŨś—ŞůŞ (domino
32. Œū 2014 Ş›ūůŚŨŢŮŢ Śůūŭ ŧŨŢŦšŜ ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ›ūŬŢŜŞ ›Ŭūŭ ůŤũ ńŰŬŴ›Şŵŧś ŒŬŞ›ŢţŦŧś ĺũŴŮŤ
ŧŞťŹŭ ųŤűŜŮůŤŧŢ ůŷŮū ū ʼnŞũūũŦٗŷŭ ŠŦŞ ůūũ ńũŦŞŜū ŋŤŲŞũŦٗŷ ńŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤŭ ŷŮū ŧŞŦ Ť
ŎšŤŠŜŞ ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ŢŧŧŞťřŬŦŮŤ ŧŞŦ ŢŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤ ›ŦŮůŴůŦŧŹũ ŦšŬۗřůŴũ. ĻůŞũ ޛŜŮŤŭ Śůūŭ
ŮůŞšŦŞŧśŭ ŢűŞŬ—ūŠśŭ ůŤŭ ŒŬŞ›ŢţŦŧśŭ ĺũŴŮŤŭ, šŦŷůŦ Ş›ŷ ůūũ ŌūŚ—şŬŦū ůūŰ 2014 ůŚťŤŧŢ
ŮŢ ŢűŞŬ—ūŠś ū ńũŦŞŜūŭ ŋŤŲŞũŦٗŷŭ ń›ū›ůŢŜŞŭ ŧŞŦ —ŢŠřŨūŭ ŞŬŦť—ŷŭ ŮŰŮůŤ—Ŧŧř ŮŤ—ŞũůŦ-
ŧŹũ ›ŦŮůŴůŦŧŹũ ŦšŬۗřůŴũ ůŚťŤŧŞũ ›ŨŚūũ ۛŷ ůŤũ ř—ŢŮŤ ޛū›ůŢŜŞ ůŤŭ ńŰŬŴ›Şŵŧśŭ ʼnŢ-
ũůŬŦŧśŭ ŒŬř›ŢţŞŭ. ņ ŒŬŞ›ŢţŦŧś ĺũŴŮŤ ťŞ ūŨūŧŨŤŬŴťŢŜ —ŚŲŬŦ ůū Śůūŭ 2016 (›ŬūťŢٗŜŞ
ŢũŮŴ—řůŴŮŤŭ ůūŰ ŢŬŠŞŨŢŜūŰ ŢŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤŭ ůŤŭ šŦřŮŴŮŤŭ —Ţ ŜšŦŞ —ŚŮŞ) —Ţ ůŤũ ŰŦūťŚůŤŮŤ
ůŴũ ŬŰť—ŦŮůŦŧŹũ ›ŨŞŦŮŜŴũ ŷŨŴũ ůŴũ ›ŰŨŹũŴũ.
33. ń›ŦůŬū›ś, press release, 10.9.2012 “Towards a banking union”, ŷ›ūŰ ŞũŞűŚŬŢůŞŦ ŷůŦ Ůůū
ŲŬūũŦŧŷ šŦřŮůŤ—Ş —ŢůŞŪŸ ŎŧůŴşŬŜūŰ 2008 ŧŞŦ ŎŧůŴşŬŜūŰ 2011 ůŞ ŧŬřůŤ —ŚŨŤ ůŤŭ ńŰ-
ŬŴ›Şŵŧśŭ ĺũŴŮŤŭ ŢŧůŞ—ŜŢŰŮŞũ ŮŰũūŨŦŧř ůū ›ūŮŷ ůŴũ 4,5 ůŬŦŮŢŧŞůū——ŰŬŜŴũ ŢŰŬŹ Ŵŭ
šŤ—ŷŮŦŞ ŮůśŬŦŪŤ ŧŞŦ ŢŠŠŰśŮŢŦŭ ›Ŭūŭ ůŞ ůŬŞ›ŢţŦŧř ŦšŬŸ—ŞůŞ.
34. ń›ŦůŬū›ś, press release 6.6.2012 “New crisis management measures to avoid future bank
bail-outs”: «The financial crisis provided clear evidence of the need for more robust
crisis management arrangements at national level, as well as the need to put in place
arrangements better able to cater for cross-border banking failures. There has been a
number of high profile banking failures during the crisis (Fortis, Lehman Brothers,
Icelandic banks, Anglo Irish Bank, Dexia) which have revealed serious shortcomings in the
existing arrangements. In the absence of mechanisms to organise an orderly wind down,
EU Member States have had no choice other than to bail out their banking sector».