Η ΟΔΗΓΙΑ 2014/59 ΓΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΕΚΚΑΘΑΡΙΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΕΞΥΓΙΑΝΣΗ ΠΙΣΤΩΤΙΚΩΝ ΙΔΡΥΜΑΤΩΝ

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ńňőŁŃŸŃņ 13
ŧūũū—ŦŧŹũ ůŤŭ ńŰŬŴ›Şŵŧśŭ ĺũŴŮŤŭ ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ¨ŦŞŮŰũūŬŦŞŧś ŕŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧś
őůŞťŢŬŷůŤůŞ (Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation between the
Financial Supervisory Authorities, Central Banks and Finance Ministries of the
European Union on Cross-border Financial Stability, 1.6.200844) ŚťŢŮŢ ůŦŭ ŧŞůŢŰ-
ťŰũůśŬŦŢŭ ŠŬŞ——Śŭ ŠŦŞ ůŤũ Ş›ūůŢŨŢٗŞůŦŧś ŮŰũŢŬŠŞŮŜŞ ŮŢ ›ŢŬŦ›ůŹŮŢŦŭ šŦŞŮŰ-
ũūŬŦŞŧś ŧŬŜŮŤŭ. ŒŚťŤŧŢ —řŨŦŮůŞ ū ŷŬūŭ «resolution of cross-border crisis»45.
To 2009 Ť ń›ŦůŬū›ś ŢŜŲŢ ŞũŞűŢŬťŢŜ ŮůŤũ ŞũřŠŧŤ ŨśųŤŭ —ŚůŬŴũ ŧŞŦ šŦŞ—ŷŬűŴ-
ŮŤŭ Ţũŷŭ ťŢٗŦŧūŸ ›ŨŞŦŮŜūŰ (eu framework) ŠŦŞ ůŤũ šŦŞŲŢŜŬŦŮŤ ůŤŭ ŧŬŜŮŤ Ůůūũ
ůŬŞ›ŢţŦŧŷ ůū—ŚŞ —Ţ şŞŮŦŧŷ ŮůŷŲū ůŤũ ŲŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧś ŮůŞťŢŬŷůŤůŞ ŧŞŦ ůŤũ
ŮŰũŚŲŢŦŞ ůŴũ ŧŬŜŮŦ—Ŵũ ŢŬŠŞŮŦŹũ (continuity). ŋŜŞ ›ŬŹůŤ šŦŞşūŸŨŢŰŮŤ ŪŢŧŜ-
ũŤŮŢ ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ŨśųŤ —ŚůŬŴũ ›ŬŷŴŬŤŭ ޛŚ—şŞŮŤŭ ŧŞŦ ›ŬŷŨŤųŤŭ ŧŞťŹŭ ŧŞŦ ŢŬ-
ŠŞŨŢŜŴũ ŢŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤŭ (resolution tools )46 ůo 2009 ŧŞŦ ŚũŞ ›ŬŹůū ŮŲŚšŦū ŎšŤŠŜŞŭ
ŮŰũůřŲťŤŧŢ. ń›ŦŮŤ—řũťŤŧŢ Ť ŚŨŨŢŦųŤ Ţũŷŭ ťŢٗŦŧūŸ ›ŨŞŦŮŜūŰ —ŚůŬŴũ ŞũůŦ—Ţ-
ůŹ›ŦŮŤŭ ůŤŭ ůŬŞ›ŢţŦŧśŭ ŧŬŜŮŤŭ ŮŢ ŢŰŬŴ›Şŵŧŷ (šŦŞŮŰũūŬŦŞŧŷ) ޛŜ›Ţšū. ńŦŮśŲťŤ
šŢ Ť ŚũũūŦŞ ůŤŭ resolution Ŵŭ ŮŰŠŧŢŧŬŦ—ŚũŤŭ šŦŞšŦŧŞŮŜŞŭ ŨśųŤŭ —ŚůŬŴũ ŠŦŞ
ůŤũ Ş›ūŧŞůřŮůŞŮŤ ůŤŭ ŲŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧśŭ ŮůŞťŢŬŷůŤůŞŭ ŧŞŦ ůŤũ šŦŢŰťŚůŤŮŤ
ůŤŭ ŧŬŜŮŤŭ. ŒŞŰůŷŲŬūũŞ ůŚťŤŧŢ ŧŞŦ ůū ťŚ—Ş ůŤŭ ŲŬŤ—ŞůūšŷůŤŮŤŭ ůŤŭ ŢŪŰŠŜ-
ŞũŮŤŭ ۛŷ ůŤũ ŚũũūŦŞ ŷůŦ ůū şřŬūŭ ›ŬŚ›ŢŦ ũŞ —ŢůŞŧŰŨŦŮťŢŜ Ş›ŷ ůŤũ ŧŬŞůŦŧś
ŲŬŤ—ŞůūšŷůŤŮŤ Ůůūũ ŦšŦŴůŦŧŷ ůū—ŚŞ, ŞũŞŠũŴŬŜţūũůŞŭ şŚşŞŦŞ ůū ŞũŞ›ŷűŢŰŧůū
ůŤŭ ŧŬŞůŦŧśŭ ŢũŜŮŲŰŮŤŭ ŮŢ ūŬŦٗŚũŢŭ ›ŢŬŦ›ůŹŮŢŦŭ.
ņ šŦŞşūŸŨŢŰŮŤ ŮŰũŢŲŜŮťŤŧŢ ŧŞŦ ůū 2010, ū›ŷůŢ ŧŞŦ šŤ—ūŮŦŢŸťŤŧŞũ ūŦ ŮůŷŲūŦ
ůŤŭ ń›ŦůŬū›śŭ ŧŞŦ ůū ŠŢũŦŧŷ ›ŨŞŜŮŦū ůŴũ ŬŰť—ŜŮŢŴũ ůŤŭ ũū—ūťŢůŦŧśŭ ›ŬŴůū-
şūŰŨŜŞŭ47. ŒŞ —ŚůŬŞ šŦŞŧŬŜťŤŧŞũ ŮŢ —ŚůŬŞ ›ŬŷŨŤųŤŭ, —ŚůŬŞ ›ŬŷŴŬŤŭ ޛŚ—-
44. Œū ū›ūŜū ŞũůŦŧŞůŚŮůŤŮŢ ůū ›ŬūŤŠūŸ—Ţũū ŋũŤ—ŷũŦū őŰũŢŬŠŞŮŜŞŭ ůŤŭ 1.7.2005 (ŋemorandum
of Understanding on Cooperation between the Banking Supervisors, Central Banks and
Finance Ministries of the European Union in Financial Crisis Situations).
45. «The Parties emphasise that this Memorandum is designed to facilitate the management
and resolution of cross-border systemic financial crises and will seek to facilitate private
sector solutions, to minimise the economic and social costs, while promoting market
discipline and limiting moral hazard».
46. ń›ŦůŬū›ś, press release, Commission consults on the measures necessary for a new EU
framework for Crisis Management in the Banking Sector , 20.10.2009,
rapid/press-release_IP-09-1549_en.htm?locale=EN «The Commission takes the view that
the existing arrangements are clearly insufficient to stabilise and control the systemic
impact of cross border financial institutions and that a new legal framework needs to
be put in place…Under “bank resolution”, consideration is given to the need for new
re-restructuring tools and a framework to support their use in a cross-border context.»
47. Ōichel Barnier, Commission press release, 20.10.2010 «No bank should be “too big
to fail” or too interconnected to fail. That is why we need a clear framework which
ensures authorities throughout Europe are well prepared to deal with banks in