Η ΟΔΗΓΙΑ 2014/59 ΓΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΕΚΚΑΘΑΡΙΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΕΞΥΓΙΑΝΣΗ ΠΙΣΤΩΤΙΚΩΝ ΙΔΡΥΜΑΤΩΝ

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ůŤůŞŭ —Ţ ůŤũ ŚũũūŦŞ ůŤŭ šŦŢŰťŚůŤŮŤŭ ›ŬūşŨŤ—řůŴũ şŦŴŮŦ—ŷůŤůŞŭ ŷŲŦ —ŚŮŴ ůŤŭ
ŢŧŧŞťřŬŦŮŤŭ ŧŞŦ ůŤŭ ŮŰŨŨūŠŦŧśŭ šŦŞšŦŧŞŮŜŞŭ ŦŧŞũū›ūŜŤŮŤŭ ůŴũ šŞũŢŦŮůŹũ ůŤŭ
›ůŹŲŢŰŮŤŭ ŞŨŨř —Ţ ůŤũ ŞũŞšŦřŬťŬŴŮŤ ůŤŭ ޛŦŲŢŜŬŤŮŤŭ. őůū G20 ůūŰ ŊūũšŜũūŰ
ůūŰ 2009, ŚŠŦũŢ ŞũŞűūŬř ŮůŤũ ŚũũūŦŞ ůŤŭ banking resolution (international
framework for cross-border bank resolution arrangements). őůŞ —ŚůŬŞ ›ūŰ
›ŬŚ›ŢŦ ũŞ ŨŤűťūŸũ —ŢŮū›ŬŷťŢŮ—Ş ›ŢŬŦŢŨśűťŤŮŞũ ŢũŚŬŠŢŦŢŭ ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ŰŦūťŚůŤ-
ŮŤ ŬŰť—ŜŮŢŴũ ŮŲŢůŦŧř —Ţ ůŤũ šŦŞŮŰũūŬŦŞŧś (cross-border) bank resolution39.
ĻšŤ Ş›ŷ ůū 2009 ůū őۗşūŸŨŦū ŕŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧśŭ őůŞťŢŬŷůŤůŞŭ (Financial
Stability Board, FSB) ŢŜŲŢ ŞũŞűŢŬťŢŜ ŮůŦŭ şŞŮŦŧŚŭ ŞŬŲŚŭ ŮŰũŢŬŠŞŮŜŞŭ ŮůŤũ
ŞũůŦ—ŢůŹ›ŦŮŤ ůŤŭ ŧŬŜŮŤŭ. ŋŢůŞŪŸ ŞŰůŹũ ›ŢŬŦŢŨśűťŤ Ť ŞũřŠŧŤ Ş›ūůŢŨŢٗŞ-
ůŦŧśŭ šŦŢťũūŸŭ ŮŰũŢŬŠŞŮŜŞŭ ŮŢ ›ŢŬŜ›ůŴŮŤ resolution ޛŦŲŢŦŬśŮŢŴũ, Ť Ÿ›ŞŬ-
ŪŤ ŮŲŢšŜŴũ resolution ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ŚŠŧŞŦŬŤ ŞũůŦ—ŢůŹ›ŦŮŤ ůŴũ ›ŬūşŨŤ—řůŴũ, Ť
ŞũůŞŨŨŞŠś ›ŨŤŬūűūŬŦŹũ ŧŨ›. ĺŠŦũŢ šŢ ŞũŞűūŬř ŮůŤ banking resolution40.
Œūũ ŎŧůŹşŬŦū ůūŰ 2011 ůū FSB ŢŪŚšŴŮŢ ůŞ «łŞŮŦŧř ŕŞŬŞŧůŤŬŦŮůŦŧř ůŴũ Ł›ū-
ůŢŨŢٗŞůŦŧŹũ ŏŨŞŦŮŜŴũ ńŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤŭ ŠŦŞ ŕŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧř ňšŬŸ—ŞůŞ» (Key
Attributes of Effective Resolution Regimes for Financial Institutions). ŋŢůŞŪŸ
ŞŰůŹũ ›ŢŬŦŢŨśűťŤ (key attributes 2-3) Ť Ÿ›ŞŬŪŤ —ŦŞŭ ŞŬŲśŭ ŢŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤŭ —Ţ ůŤũ
ŢŪūŰŮŜŞ ũŞ ŨŞ—şřũŢŦ ůŤũ ›ŬŴůūşūŰŨŜŞ ŢŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤŭ ŧŞŦ ũŞ Ţ›ŦşřŨŨŢŦ —ŚůŬŞ,
ŷ›Ŵŭ šū—ŦŧŚŭ —ŢůŞşūŨŚŭ, —ŢůŞşŦşřŮŢŦŭ ›ŢŬŦūŰŮŦŞŧŹũ ŮůūŦŲŢŜŴũ ŧŞŦ ۛūŲŬŢ-
ŹŮŢŴũ ŮŢ ůŬŜůŞ ›ŬŷŮŴ›Ş ś —ŢůŞşŞůŦŧř ŦšŬŸ—ŞůŞ, —ŢůŞůŬū›ś ś Ş›ū—ŢŜŴŮŤ
ůŴũ ŞũŞŮűřŨŦŮůŴũ Ş›ŞŦůśŮŢŴũ ůŴũ šŞũŢŦŮůŹũ ůūŰ ›ŦŮůŴůŦŧūŸ ŦšŬŸ—Şůūŭ
(bail-in). ń›Ŧ›ŨŚūũ ›ŬūşŨŚűťŤŧŢ Ť ŞũřŠŧŤ ŲŬŤ—ŞůūšŷůŤŮŤŭ Ş›ŷ ůūũ ŦšŦŴůŦ-
ŧŷ ůū—ŚŞ ůūŰ ŧŷŮůūŰŭ ůŤŭ resolution (key attribute 6) ŧŞŦ Ť Ÿ›ŞŬŪŤ ŮŲŢšŜŴũ
ŢŧŧŞťřŬŦŮŤŭ ŧŞŦ ŢŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤŭ (recovery and resolution plans, RRP) 41. ŒŞ Key
Attributes ŢũŦŮŲŸťŤŧŞũ ůū 2014 (Key Attributes of Effective Resolution Regimes
for Financial Institutions, FSB)42 —Ţ ůŤũ ›ŬŷşŨŢųŤ ŬŰť—ŜŮŢŴũ ŠŦŞ ŢŦšŦŧŷůŢŬŞ ťŚ-
39. G20 London, ¨śŨŴŮŤ ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ŢũŜŮŲŰŮŤ ůūŰ ŲŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧūŸ ŮŰŮůś—Şůūŭ,
(Declaration on Strengthening the Financial System-London Summit), 2.4.2009. ňšŦřŦůŢ-
ŬŤ ŞũŞűūŬř ŚŠŦũŢ ŮůŤ ŮŰŮůŤ—Ŧŧś ŮŤ—ŞŮŜŞ ůŴũ —ŢŠřŨŴũ ŲŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧŹũ ŦšŬۗřůŴũ
ŧŞŦ ůŤũ ŨśųŤ ۛ’ ŷųŦũ ůūŰ ŮŰŮůŤ—ŦŧūŸ ŧŦũšŸũūŰ ŧŞůř ůŤũ ťŚŮ›ŦŮŤ ŧŞůřŨŨŤŨŴũ ŬŰť—Ŧ-
ŮůŦŧŹũ ›ŨŞŦŮŜŴũ. łŨ. Report to the G-20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors,
¨ŦŢťũŚŭ Ōū—ŦٗŞůŦŧŷ ŒŞ—ŢŜū, ŒŬř›ŢţŞ ¨ŦŢťũŹũ ¨ŦŞŧŞũūũŦٗŹũ ŧŞŦ őۗşūŸŨŦū ŕŬŤ—Ş-
ůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧśŭ őůŞťŢŬŷůŤůŞŭ, «Guidance to Assess the systemic Importance of Financial
institutions, Markets and Instruments: Initial Considerations», ŎŧůŹşŬŦūŭ 2009.
40. őۗşūŸŨŦū ŕŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧśŭ őůŞťŢŬŷůŤůŞŭ, 2.4.2009, «FSF Principles for cross-border
Cooperation on Crisis Management».
41. ŏŬūşŨŚűťŤŧŢ ŧŞŦ ůū ›ŢŬŦŢŲŷ—Ţũū ůŴũ ŮŲŢšŜŴũ ŞŰůŹũ, ŏŞŬřŬůŤ—Ş ňňň ۛŷ 2.1. Œūũ ňūŸŨŦū
ůūŰ 2013 ůū FSB ŢŪŚšŴŮŢ ŧŞŦ Guidance Notes ޛŜ ůŴũ Key Attributes.
42. ʼnŞŦ FSB, Cross-border recognition of resolution action, Consulative Document, őޛůŚ—-
şŬŦūŭ 2014.