Η ΟΔΗΓΙΑ 2014/59 ΓΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΕΚΚΑΘΑΡΙΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΕΞΥΓΙΑΝΣΗ ΠΙΣΤΩΤΙΚΩΝ ΙΔΡΥΜΑΤΩΝ

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10 ņ Ŏ¨ņŃňŁ 2014/59 ŃňŁ ŒņŌ ńʼnʼnŁŇŁŐňőņ ʼnŁň ńōœŃňŁŌőņ ŏňőŒŸŒňʼnŸŌ ň¨ŐœŋŁŒŸŌ
effect), —Ţ šŢšū—Śũū ŷůŦ ›ūŨŨř ›ŦŮůŴůŦŧř ŦšŬŸ—ŞůŞ šŦŞůŤŬūŸũ ۛūŧŞůŞŮůś—Ş-
ůŞ ŮŢ ›ŢŬŦŮŮŷůŢŬŞ ŧŬřůŤ —ŚŨŤ ŧŞŦ Ť šŢ ńũŦŞŜŞ ŁŠūŬř ŢŰũūŢŜ ůŦŭ šŦŞŮŰũūŬŦŞŧŚŭ
ŮŰũŞŨŨŞŠŚŭ. łŞŮŦŧŷŭ ŮůŷŲūŭ ŢŜũŞŦ ū ›ŢŬŦūŬŦٗŷŭ ůŤŭ ŞũŞŧŢűŞŨŞŦū›ūŜŤŮŤŭ ůŴũ
ůŬŞ›ŢţŹũ (capital injections) —Ţ ŧŬŞůŦŧř ŧūũšŸŨŦŞ (bail out)35.
őŰũޛŹŭ —ŦŞ ŎšŤŠŜŞ —Ţ Ũޛůū—ŢŬŢŜŭ ŧŞũŷũŢŭ ŬŸť—ŦŮŤŭ ůŤŭ šŦŞšŦŧŞŮŜŞŭ ŞũůŦ—Ţ-
ůŹ›ŦŮŤŭ ůŤŭ ůŬŞ›ŢţŦŧśŭ ŞűŢŬŢŠŠŰŷůŤůŞŭ Ş›ūůŢŨŢŜ Ş›ŞŬŞŜůŤůū Ůۗ›ŨśŬŴ—Ş
ůūŰ single rulebook ŧŞŦ ŞũŞŠŧŞŜū şś—Ş ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ńŰŬŴ›Şŵŧś ŒŬŞ›ŢţŦŧś ĺũŴŮŤ36.
1. őŢ ¨ŦŢťũŚŭ ń›Ŝ›Ţšū
ņ ŦšŚŞ ůŤŭ ůŬŞ›ŢţŦŧśŭ ŢŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤŭ ŧŞŦ ůŤŭ ŞũůŦ—ŢůŹ›ŦŮŤŭ ŧŞůŞŮůřŮŢŴũ ůŬŞ-
›ŢţŦŧśŭ ŞűŢŬŢŠŠŰŷůŤůŞŭ ŮŰũŚ›ŢŮŢ —Ţ ůū ŪŚŮ›ŞŮ—Ş ůŤŭ ūŦŧūũū—Ŧŧśŭ ŧŬŜŮŤŭ, ś
-—řŨŨūũ ūŬťŷůŢŬŞ- ›ŬūŚŧŰųŢ Ş›ŷ ŞŰůśũ. ŃŦŞ ›ŬŹůŤ űūŬř, ůū G2037 ŮůŤũ ŎŰ-
řŮŦũŠŧůūũ ůū 2008, ū›ŷůŢ ŧŞŦ ŬŤůř ŞũŞűŚŬťŤŧŢ Ť ŞũřŠŧŤ ŨśųŤŭ —ŚůŬŴũ ŠŦŞ
ůŤũ ŮůŞťŢŬū›ūŜŤŮŤ ŧŞŦ ŢũŜŮŲŰŮŤ ůūŰ ŲŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧūŸ ůū—ŚŞ ŧŞŦ ŰŦūťŚůŤ-
ŮŤŭ ŬŰť—ŦŮůŦŧŹũ ›ŨŞŦŮŜŴũ, —ŢůŞŪŸ ůŴũ —ŚůŬŴũ ›ŢŬŦŚŨŞşŢ ůŞ —ŚůŬŞ ›ŬŷŨŤųŤŭ,
šŦŞŲŢŜŬŦŮŤŭ ŧŞŦ ŢŪŰŠŜŞũŮŤŭ (resolution) ůŤŭ ŧŬŜŮŤŭ38. ŃŦŞ ›ŬŹůŤ űūŬř ŚŠŦũŢ
ŞũŞűūŬř ŮŢ resolution regimes ŧŞŦ ůŤũ šŦřŧŬŦŮś ůūŰŭ Ş›ŷ ůŦŭ ›ůŴŲŢŰůŦŧŚŭ šŦ-
ŞšŦŧŞŮŜŢŭ (bankruptcy procedures) Ŵŭ —ŚůŬŞ ŞũůŦ—ŢůŹ›ŦŮŤŭ ůŤŭ ŞűŢŬŢŠŠŰŷ-
35. ŋŷũū Ŵŭ ŚŮŲŞůū ŧŞůŞűŸŠŦū (last resort) ›ŬūşŨŚ›ŢůŞŦ ŧŞŦ ŧŞůř ůū Financial Stability Board,
Key Attributes of Effective Resdution Regimes for Financial Institutions, 2014, ۛŷ 6.5.
36. “The Recovery and Resolution Directive is a necessary step towards strengthening the
single rulebook. However, the harmonisation model that it encapsulates is no longer
sufficient to ensure the effective operation of the euro area banking sector. While there is
a need for further steps towards effective banking union within the euro area in the form
of a single resolution mechanism, it is vital that these steps do not risk a deepening split
within the single market.”, European Union Committee, House of Lords - Seventh Report-
European Banking Union: Key issues and challenges 10-12-2012
parliament.uk/pa/ld201213/ldselect/ldeucom/88/8802.htm)·Jörg Asmussen, ŷ.›.
37. ŏŬŷŧŢŦůŞŦ ŠŦŞ ůū ŮۗşūŸŨŦū ůŴũ œ›ūŰŬŠŹũ ŎŦŧūũū—ŦŧŹũ ŧŞŦ ¨ŦūŦŧŤůŹũ ʼnŢũůŬŦŧŹũ
ŒŬŞ›ŢţŹũ ůŴũ 20 —ŢŠŞŨŸůŢŬŴũ ūŦŧūũū—ŦŹũ Ůۗ›ŢŬŦŨŞ—şŞũū—ŚũŴũ 19 ŲŴŬŹũ (ņŏŁ,
ŁŰŮůŬŞŨŜŞ, ʼnŞũŞšřŭ, ʼnŜũŞ, ŁŬŠŢũůŦũś, ŋŢŪŦŧŷ, ŐŴŮŮŜŞ, ŒūŰŬŧŜŞ ŧŨ›) ŧŞŦ ůŤŭ ńŰŬŴ-
›Şŵŧśŭ ĺũŴŮŤŭ —Ţ —ŷũŦ—Ť ůŤ Ůۗ—ŢůūŲś ůŤŭ ňٛŞũŜŞŭ ŧŞŦ ›ŞŬūšŦŧś Ůۗ—ŢůūŲś řŨŨŴũ
ŧŬŞůŹũ —ŢŨŹũ, şŨ. Peter Hajnal, The G8 System and the G20: Evolution, Role and
Documentation, Ashgate 2007, Ů. 151 ޛ.
38. G20 15-11-2008, Washington, ¨śŨŴŮŤ ŠŦŞ ůŦŭ ŲŬŤ—Şůū›ŦŮůŴůŦŧŚŭ ŞŠūŬŚŭ ŧŞŦ ůŤũ ›ŞŠŧŷ-
ٗŦŞ ūŦŧūũū—ŜŞ, (Declaration Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy): «We
call upon our national and regional regulators to formulate their regulations and other
measures in a consistent manner. Regulators should enhance their coordination and
cooperation across all segments of financial markets, including with respect to cross-
border capital flows. Regulators and other relevant authorities as a matter of priority
should strengthen cooperation on crisis prevention, management, and resolution.»