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¥ ÄÉÅÓÍ¼Õ Ä½ËÈ ÄÉ»ÅÒÁÉ Á¾ ËÁ;ÍÅÕ ËÁÉ ÁÐÖ»Õ ÄÉËÎÍΌÉË¼Õ ÆÀÑÅÔÕ ÎÉ ÎÎ½ÅÕ
ÁÍÒÉËÁÒ΍ÒнØÎ×Í ÑÅ ŒÅÇÌÎ ÂÁӌ¾ ÒÁ Ñ×ÑÒÁÒÉËÑÒÎÉÖŽÁ ÒÈÕ ÄÉËÁÉÎÄÎÒÉË¼Õ ÌÅÉÒÎ×-
ÐǽÁÕ7. ¡×Ò»Õ ÁÆÎÐÎÀÍ ÒÈÍ Ð¾ÑÂÁÑÈ ÑÒÈ ÄÉÅÓͼ ÄÉËÁÉÎÑÀÍÈ (droit au procès, access
to justice), ׍¾ ÒÈÍ Î×ÑÉÁÑÒÉ˼ »ÍÍÎÉÁ ÒÎ× ¾ÐÎ×8.
¥ ÁÎËÅÍÒÐԌ»ÍÈ ÓÅьÉ˼ ÎÐÇÍÔÑÈ, ÑÅ Ñ×ÍÄ×Áь¾ ŒÅ ÒÎÍ Ñ×ÍÁÉÍÅÒÉ˾ ÖÁÐÁ-
ËÒ¼ÐÁ ÒÈÕ ÄÉÅÓÍÎÀÕ ÄÉËÁÉÎÑÀÍÈÕ, ōÈÐÅØÎ×Í ÒÎ ÄÉËÎÍΌÉ˾ ÌÁ½ÑÉÎ ÐÎÕ ÒÈ ËÁÒÅÀ-
Ó×ÍÑÈ ÒÈÕ ÄÉËÎÍΌÉË¼Õ Á×ÒÎÍΌ½ÁÕ ËÓÅ ÎÐÇÍÎ×9. ¯É ÄÉÁÆÎÐ΍ÎÉȌ»ÍÅÕ Ð×ӌ½ÑÅÉÕ
ÄÉËÁÉÎÌÎÇÎÀÍÒÁÉ, ÌÌÔÑÒÅ, ËÁÉ Á¾ ÒÈÍ ÆÀÑÈ ÒÎ× ÅËÑÒÎÒÅ ÎÐÇÍÎ×, ËÁÓÏÕ ËÁÉ ÒÈÕ
ratione personae ËÁÉ ratione materiae ÁЌÎÄɾÒÈÒÁÕ.
¥ ÐÎÑ»ÇÇÉÑÈ ÒÔÍ ÅÉŒ»ÐÎ×Õ Ð×ӌ½ÑÅÔÍ ÄÉËÎÍΌÉËÎÀ ÖÁÐÁËÒ¼ÐÁ ÄŽÖÍÅÉ, ÅË
ÐÏÒÈÕ ¾ÃÅÔÕ, ¾ÒÉ ÄÅÍ ×ÐÖÅÉ »ÍÁ ÅÍÉÁ½Î ÄÉËÎÍΌÉ˾ ÑÀÑÒȌÁ, ŒÅ ÌÌÁ ̾ÇÉÁ »ÍÁ
ÑόÁ ÄÉËÎÍΌÉËÏÍ ËÁ;ÍÔÍ Î× ÍÁ ÄÉ»ÅÉ ËÁÒ ÒоÎ ΌÎɾŒÎÐÆÎ ¾ÌÁ ÒÁ ÄÉÅÓͼ
ÄÉËÁÉÎÄÎÒÉË ¾ÐÇÁÍÁ10. ²ÎÑÒÈнØÅÒÁÉ, ÅÊÌÌÎ×, ¾ÒÉ ÄÅÍ Å½ÍÁÉ ÍÒÎÒÅ ÑÁÆ¼Õ È ÄÉ-
ËÐÉÑÈ Î×ÑÉÁÑÒÉËÏÍ ËÁÉ ÄÉËÎÍΌÉËÏÍ/ÄÉÁÄÉËÁÑÒÉËÏÍ ËÁ;ÍÔÍ ÑÒÎ ÅĽΠÌÅÉÒÎ×Ðǽ-
7. Supra, ¨»ÐÎÕ žÐÏÒÎ, §ÅÆÌÁÉÎ ¡, §1.
8. ¢Ì. G. Timsit, “Le concept du procès équitable ou la place du tiers en droit entre le zéro et
l’infini”, ÑÒÎ: M. Delmas Marty, H. Muir-Watt, H. Ruiz Fabri (dir.), Variations autour d’un droit
commun, Paris, Société de legislation comparée, 2002, ÑÅÌ. 25-42.
9. ¢Ì. G. Biehler: “It is the indefinite variety of procedures which distinguishes international law
from national law...the variety of procedures indicate strongly that there is no fixed proce-
dural law of international bodies but a floating variety of procedural practices and rules taking
into account of numerous legal and extralegal circumstances in any case litigated before an
international judicial body. This variety of procedures reflects the variety of fora established
under international law”, Procedures in International Law , Berlin-Heidelberg, Springer-
Verlag, 2008, ÑÅÌ. 49. ¥ ÁÎ×ѽÁ ÅÍÉÁ½ÔÍ ÄÉËÎÍΌÉËÏÍ ËÁ;ÍÔÍ ÐÎÂÌÌÅÒÁÉ Á¾ ÎÐÉь»ÍÎ×Õ
Ñ×ÇÇÐÁÆÅ½Õ ËÁÉ ÔÕ ŒÉÁ Á¾ ÒÉÕ ÁÉÒ½ÅÕ ÒÎ× ÓÅьÉËÎÀ ËÁÒÁËÅЌÁÒÉьÎÀ, ÂÌ. A. Gattini, “Regard
procédural sur la fragmentation”, ¾. ÁÐ., ÑÅÌ. 303-345.
10. ¢Ì. F. Terré, “Théorie générale de la procédure en droit international public”, 93 Revue de
droit suisse, 1974, ÑÅÌ. 41-59. §ÁÒ ÒÎÍ H. W. A. Thirlway, ÄÅÍ »ÖÅÉ ÅÁÐËÏÕ ÁÍÁÒ×ÖÓŽ È
ÇÅÍÉ˼ ÓÅÔнÁ ÒÎ× ÄÉÅÓÍÎÀÕ ÄÉËÎÍΌÉËÎÀ ÄÉËÁ½Î×, “Procedural Law and the International
Court of Justice”, ÑÒÎ: V. Lowe & M. Fitzmaurice (eds.), Fifty Years of the International Court
of Justice” Grotius Publications, Cambridge University Press, 1996, ÑÅÌ. 389-405, ÑÒÈ ÑÅÌ.
389. Contra, C. Santulli: “[m]algré la grande variété de règles spéciales applicables...un droit
commun général du procès international s’est consolidé, qui s’impose dans toutes les procé-
dures internationales avec une parfaite uniformité”, Droit du contentieux international, ¾.
ÁÐ., ÑÅÌ 50. ¡ÍÒ½ÑÒÎÉÖÈ ÁÐÁÒ¼ÐÈÑÈ ÄÉÁÒ׍ÏÍÅÒÁÉ ÇÉÁ ÒÈ ÄÉÁÉÒÈÒÉ˼ ÄÉÁÄÉËÁѽÁ Á¾ ÒÎ×Õ J.
Collier & V. Lowe, ¾. ÁÐ., ÑÅÌ 236.