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׍ÎÖÐÅÔÒÉ˼, ÉĽÔÕ ÑÒÈ ÓÅьÉ˼ ÄÉÁÉÒÈѽÁ.
ŸÒÈÍ ÐÏÒÈ ËÁÒÅÀÓ×ÍÑÈ, ÑÒÎ×Õ Ë¾ÌÎ×Õ ÒÎ× šÉÁÐËÎÀÕ šÉËÁÑÒÈнÎ× šÉÁÉÒÈѽÁÕ,
»ÖÎ×Í ×ÉÎÓÅÒÈÓŽ ÐÎÁÉÐÅÒÉËν ËÁ;ÍÅÕ Î× Ñ׌ÌÈÐÏÍÎ×Í ÒÉÕ Ð×ӌ½ÑÅÉÕ ÒÔÍ
Ÿ×ŒÂÑÅÔÍ ÒÈÕ ³ÇÈÕ, ÐÎÑÁЌ¾ØÎÍÒÁÕ ÒÈ ÄÉÁÉÒÈÒÉ˼ ÄÉÁÄÉËÁѽÁ ÑÒÁ ÉÄÉÁ½ÒÅÐÁ ÖÁ-
ÐÁËÒÈÐÉÑÒÉË ÒÔÍ ÄÉÁƾÐÔÍ ÒÀÔÍ ÄÉÅÓÍÏÍ ÄÉÁÆÎÐÏÍ22.
ž»ÐÁÍ Á×ÒÏÍ, ÑÒÈ ÓÅьÉ˼ ÄÉÁÉÒÈѽÁ, ÒÎ ÄÉÁÄÉËÁÑÒÉ˾ ÌÁ½ÑÉΠŽÍÁÉ ÐÎËÁÓÎÐÉ-
ь»ÍÎ, ÅÐÉÎнØÎÍÒÁÕ ÔÕ »ÍÁ ÂÁӌ¾ ÒÈÍ ÄÉÁËÐÉÒÉ˼ Å×Ö»ÐÅÉÁ ÒÔÍ ŒÅÐÏÍ. ±ÎÀÒÎ ÉÑÖÀ-
ÅÉ ÇÉÁ ÁÐÄÅÉnjÁ ÔÕ ÐÎÕ ÒÁ ÄÉÁÉÒÈÒÉË ÄÉËÁÑÒ¼ÐÉÁ Î× Ñ×ÇËÐÎÒÎÀÍÒÁÉ ÑÒÎ ÌÁ½-
ÑÉÎ ÒÎ× šÉÅÓÍÎÀÕ §»ÍÒÐÎ× £½Ì×ÑÈÕ šÉÁÆÎÐÏÍ £ÅÍÄÀÑÅÔÍ (ICSID) Î× ×ÇÎÍÒÁÉ
ÑÒÎ×Õ ÄÉÁÄÉËÁÑÒÉËÎÀÕ ËÁ;ÍÅÕ Î× ÅŒÅÐÉ»ÖÎÍÒÁÉ ÑÒÈ ŸÀŒÂÁÑÈ ÒÎ× 1965, ÅËÒ¾Õ ÁÍ
ÒÁ Œ»ÐÈ Ñ׌ÆÔͼÑÎ×Í ÁÌÌÉÏÕ23.
¨»ÑÁ Á¾ Á×Ò»Õ ÒÉÕ ÄÉÆÎÐÅÕ Ð×ӌ½ÑÅÉÕ, È ÄÉÁÉÒÈÒÉ˼ ÄÉÁÄÉËÁѽÁ »ÖÅÉ ÑÅ ŒÅÇÌÎ
ÂÁӌ¾ ΌÎÇÅÍ΍ÎÉÈÓŽ 24. ±Á×Ò¾ÖÐÎÍÁ, Ñ×ÍÅÖ½ØÅÉ ÍÁ Ñ×ÍÉÑÒ ËÀÐÉÎ ÑÒÎÉÖÅ½Î È ŒÅÇÁ-
ÌÀÒÅÐÈ Å×Ö»ÐÅÉÁ ÒÔÍ ŒÅÐÏÍ ÔÕ ÐÎÕ ÒÈÍ ÅÉÌÎǼ ÒÎ× ÄÉÁÄÉËÁÑÒÉËÎÀ ÑÖ¼ŒÁÒÎÕ Î×
ÓÁ ÁËÎÌÎ×ÓÈÓŽ. ¥ Å×ÅÌÉʽÁ ÒÈÕ ÄÉÁÉÒÈѽÁÕ Å½ÍÁÉ ÌÌÔÑÒÅ »ÍÁ ÖÁÐÁËÒÈÐÉÑÒÉ˾ Î×
ÆÁ½ÍÅÒÁÉ ÍÁ ōÉÓ׌ÎÀÍ ÍÁ ÄÉÁÒÈмÑÎ×Í ÒÁ ËÐÒÈ. ¡×Ò¾ ËÁÒ»ÑÒÈ ÅŒÆÁÍ»Õ ËÁÉ Á¾ ÒÉÕ
ÁÍÒÉÄÐÑÅÉÕ ÒÔÍ ËÐÁÒÏÍ ÑÅ ŒÅÒÁÇÅÍ»ÑÒÅÐÅÕ ÐÎэÓÅÉÅÕ ËÔÄÉË΍νÈÑÈÕ ÒÎ× ÄÉËÁ½-
Î× ÒÈÕ ÄÉÅÓÍÎÀÕ ÄÉÁÉÒÈѽÁÕ. žÐnjÁÒÉ, È £ÉÒÐ΍¼ šÉÅÓÍÎÀÕ šÉËÁ½Î× ÒÔÍ ¥ÍԌ»ÍÔÍ
£ÓÍÏÍ ÁÑÖÎ̼ÓÈËÅ Á¾ ÒÎ 1950 ŒÅ ÒÈ ËÔÄÉË΍νÈÑÈ ÒÎ× ÄÉËÁ½Î× ÒÈÕ ÄÉÅÓÍÎÀÕ ÄÉ-
ÁÉÒÈѽÁÕ ŒÅ ÑË΍¾ ÒÈÍ Åˍ¾ÍÈÑÈ ÅÍ¾Õ ËÏÄÉËÁ ÄÉÅÓÍÎÀÕ ÄÉÁÉÒÈѽÁÕ25. ±Î ÑÖ»ÄÉÎ Ð-
ÓÐÔÍ Î× ÒÅÌÉˍÐÎÒÓÈËÅ Á¾ ÒÈÍ £ÉÒÐ΍¼ ËÁÉ ÒÎÍ £ÉÄÉ˾ £ÉÑÈÇÈÒ¼, G. Scelle, Î
΍νÎÕ ×¼ÐÊÅ Î ËÀÐÉÎÕ ÅŒÍÅ×ÑÒ¼Õ ÒÈÕ ÐÎэÓÅÉÁÕ, ÄÅÍ »ÇÉÍÅ ÒÅÌÉËÁÎÄÅËÒ¾ Á¾
ÒÁ ËÐÒÈ ÔÕ ÄÉÅÓÍ¼Õ ÑÀŒÂÁÑÈ, ÁÌÌ×ÉÎÓÅÒ¼ÓÈËÅ ÔÕ «×¾ÄÅÉnjÁ ËÁ;ÍÔÍ ÒÈÕ ÄÉÁÉ-
ÒÈÒÉË¼Õ ÄÉÁÄÉËÁѽÁÕ»26. ¥ ÂÁÑÉ˼ ÁÍÒ½ÐÐÈÑÈ Î× ÐÎÂ̼ÓÈËÅ ¼ÒÁÍ ¾ÒÉ ÎÉ Ð×ӌ½ÑÅÉÕ
»ÂÁÉÍÁÍ »ÐÁÍ ÒÈÕ ËÔÄÉË΍νÈÑÈÕ ÒÎ× ×ÆÉÑҌÅÍÎ× ÄÉËÁ½Î×, ÐÎÕ ÒÈÍ ËÁÒÅÀÓ×ÍÑÈ
22. Optional Rules for Arbitrating Disputes between Two States (1992), Optional Rules for
Arbitrating Disputes between Two Parties of which Only One is a State (1993), Optional
Rules for Arbitration Involving International Organizations and States (1996), Optional
Rules for Arbitration between International Organizations and Private Parties (1996),
Optional Rules for Arbitration of Disputes Relating to Natural Resources and/or the
Environment (2001), ÇÉÁ ŒÉÁ ōÉÑ˾ÈÑÈ, ÂÌ. B. Daly, “The Permanent Court of Arbitration”,
C. Giorgetti (ed.), The Rules, Practice and Jurisprudence of International Courts and
Tribunals, ¾. ÁÐ., ÑÅÌ. 37-73.
23. ´ÐÓÐÎ 44 ŸÀŒÂÁÑÈÕ ICSID.
24. J. Collier & V. Lowe, The Settlement of Disputes in International Law, ¾. ÁÐ., ÑÅÌ. 189ō., B.
Daly, “The Permanent Court of Arbitration”, ¾. ÁÐ., ÉĽÔÕ ÑÅÌ. 42-49.
25. ¢Ì. ÒÉÕ ÄÉÁÄÎÖÉË»Õ £ËÓ»ÑÅÉÕ ÒÈÕ £ÉÒÐ΍¼Õ: Yearbook of the International Law Commission,
1950 (UN Doc. A/CN.4/18), 1952 (UN Doc. A/CN.4/59), 1953 (UN Doc A/CN.4/76), 1958 (UN
Doc. A/CN.4/113).
26. Yearbook of the International Law Commission, 1958, UN Doc. A/3859.