Η ΕΙΔΙΚΗ ΑΠΟΖΗΜΙΩΣΗ ΣΤΟ ΔΙΚΑΙΟ ΤΗΣ ΘΑΛΑΣΣΙΑΣ ΑΡΩΓΗΣ

31 / 38

22 ņ ńň¨ňʼnņ ŁŏŎŅņŋňŸőņ őŒŎ ¨ňʼnŁňŎ Œņő ŇŁŊŁőőňŁő ŁŐŸŃņő
«Ūş ŨşŰşŠŚũţŧ Űť ŠśũŰŧůŰť ›ŭŬů›ŚŦţŧş šŧş Ūş ›şŭţ—›ŬŢŝůţŧ Űť ŢŧşŭŭŬŜ ›ţŰŭţ-
ũşŝŬű»53. Ŏ Ůŧū›ŷŭ ůŴũ ŞŨŨŞŠŹũ ›ūŰ Ţ›śŨťŞũ Ůůū ŧŢŜ—Ţũū ůūŰ «L.O.F. 1980»
śůŞũ ũŞ ŢũťŞŬŬŸũūŰũ ůūŰŭ šŦŞŮŹŮůŢŭ ũŞ ŞũŞŨřşūŰũ ޛŦŲŢŦŬśŮŢŦŭ šŦřŮŴŮŤŭ
›ūŰ ŞűūŬūŸũ šŢŪŞ—Ţũŷ›ŨūŦŞ54.
őůū ŮŤ—ŢŜū ŞŰůŷ ›ŬŚ›ŢŦ ũŞ ŠŜũūŰũ ūŦ ŞŧŷŨūŰťŢŭ ŮŰŠŧŬŦůŦŧŚŭ ›ŞŬŞůŤŬśŮŢŦŭ:
›ŬŹůūũ, ŷůŦ ŢũŹ ůū «L.O.F. 1980 » ŮůŤ ŬśůŬŞ 1 (Ş) ›ŢŬŦŢŨř—şŞũŢ ůū šŜŧůŰ
ŞŮűŞŨŢŜŞŭ («Safety Net»), ůū řŬťŬū 14 ůŤŭ őŸ—şŞŮŤŭ ůūŰ 1989 ŢŜũŞŦ ›Ŧū ŢŰŬŸ,
šŢŸůŢŬūũ, ŷůŦ ū šŦŢťũśŭ ũū—ūťŚůŤŭ ŞũůŦŧŞůŚŮůŤŮŢ ůūũ ŷŬū šŜŧůŰ ŞŮűŞŨŢŜŞŭ
(«Safety Net») —Ţ ŢŧŢŜũūũ ůŤŭ ŢŦšŦŧśŭ Ş›ūţŤ—ŜŴŮŤŭ («Special Compensation»),
ůŬŜůūũ, ŷůŦ ůū řŬťŬū 14 ŚŲŢŦ ŢűŞŬ—ūŠś ŷůŞũ ۛřŬŲŢŦ Ş›ŢŦŨś ›ŬŷŧŨŤŮŤŭ şŨřşŤŭ
Ůůū ›ŢŬŦşřŨŨūũ. ŏŬŷŧŢŦůŞŦ ŠŦŞ ŢŰŬŸůŢŬŤ ŚũũūŦŞ Ş›ŷ ůŤũ ›ŢůŬŢŨŞŵŧś ŬŸ›ŞũŮŤ
(Oil Pollution) ůūŰ L.O.F. ŧŞŦ
ůŚůŞŬůūũ ŷůŦ Ť ŢŦšŦŧś Ş›ūţŤ—ŜŴŮŤ ŢŜũŞŦ —ŢŠŞŨŸůŢŬŤ Ş›ŷ ůŤũ ›ŬūŮŞŸŪŤŮŤ ůūŰ
15% ůūŰ L.O.F. ŧŞťŹŭ —›ūŬŢŜ ũŞ ŞŰŪŤťŢŜ —ŚŲŬŦ Ţũŷŭ ūŬŜūŰ ›ūŰ ŞũůŦŮůūŦŲŢŜ Ůůū
30% ůŴũ šŞ›ŞũŹũ, ŢũŹ ۛřŬŲŢŦ ŧŞŦ ůū ›ŢŬŦťŹŬŦū ›ŢŬŞŦůŚŬŴ ŞŸŪŤŮŤŭ ŚŴŭ ůū
100% ůŴũ šŞ›ŞũŹũ, ŢűŷŮūũ ůū šŦŧŞŮůśŬŦū ůū ŧŬŜũŢŦ ŢŸŨūŠū ŧŞŦ šŜŧŞŦū.
ņ ũŚŞ ¨ŦŢťũśŭ őŸ—şŞŮŤ ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ޛŦťŞŨřŮŮŦŞ ŞŬŴŠś ۛūŠŬřűŤŧŢ Ůůū ŊūũšŜũū
ŮůŦŭ 28/4/1989 ŧŞŦ ůŚťŤŧŢ ŮŢ ŦŮŲŸ ŮůŦŭ 14/7/1996 ŮŸ—űŴũŞ —Ţ ůŤ šŦřůŞŪŤ 29
ŞŰůśŭ55. ņ ńŨŨřšŞ ŧŸŬŴŮŢ ůŤ őŸ—şŞŮŤ —Ţ ůū ũŷ—ū 2391/199656. ņ ŧŰŬŴťŢŜŮŞ
—Ţ ůūũ ›ŬūŞũŞűŢŬťŚũůŞ ũŷ—ū őŸ—şŞŮŤ ůŚťŤŧŢ ŮŢ ŦŮŲŸ ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ńŨŨřšŞ ůŤũ 3Ť
ňūŰũŜūŰ 1997, ŮŸ—űŴũŞ —Ţ ůŤũ ŞũŞŧūŜũŴŮŤ ůŤŭ 19Ťŭ ňūŰũŜūŰ 1996. ņ šŦŞůŸ›Ŵ-
ŮŤ ůūŰ řŬťŬūŰ 14 ůūŰ ũ. 2391/1996 ŠŦŞ ůŤũ ŢŦšŦŧś Ş›ūţŤ—ŜŴŮŤ ůūŰ ťŞŨřŮŮŦūŰ
ŞŬŴŠūŸ ŚŲŢŦ Ŵŭ ŢŪśŭ57:
53. Wooder: The new salvage convention: a shipowner’s perspective, Journal of Maritime
Law and Commerce 1990, 81.
54. Gaskell N.: L.O.F. 1990, Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 1991, 105.
55. ŒŞ Ş—ŢŬŦŧŞũŦŧř šŦŧŞŮůśŬŦŞ ŧŞůř ůŤũ ŢŧšŜŧŞŮŤ ۛūťŚŮŢŴũ ťŞŨřŮŮŦŞŭ ŞŬŴŠśŭ ŞŠũūūŸũ
ś ›ŞŬŞşŨŚ›ūŰũ ůŤ ¨ŦŢťũś őŸ—şŞŮŤ ůūŰ 1989. ʼnŞŦ ůūŸůū ›ŞŬř ůū ŠŢŠūũŷŭ ŷůŦ Ť ¨ŦŢťũśŭ
őŸ—şŞŮŤ ŚŲŢŦ ۛūŠŬŞűŢŜ ŧŞŦ ŦŮŲŸŢŦ ŮůŦŭ ņŏŁ Ş›ŷ ůŦŭ 14/7/1996. ŏŢŬŦŮŮŷůŢŬŞ şŨ. ŮŢ
Davies: Whatever happened to the salvage convention 1989, 39 Journal of Maritime Law
and Commerce, 463 ŧŞŦ Teitelbaum, Joshua C.: Inside the Blackwall Box: Explaining
U.S. Marine Salvage Awards, 2012, 7. Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other
Works. Paper 960. .
56. Ŕńʼn ŁĶ 55/21.3.1996.
57. Article 14 - Special compensation: «1. If the salvor has carried out salvage operations in
respect of a vessel which by itself or its cargo threatened damage to the environment
and has failed to earn a reward under article 13 at least equivalent to the special
compensation assessable in accordance with this article, he shall be entitled to special
compensation from the owner of that vessel equivalent to his expenses as herein
deÀned.