ΥΠΕΡΕΔΑΦΙΚΗ ΕΚΤΕΛΕΣΗ ΚΑΤΑ ΤΟ ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΟ ΔΙΚΑΙΟ σε αστικές και εμπορικές υποθέσεις

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œ¼ÃÈ ×ÅÐÅÄÁÆÉËÏÍ ÁÑÆÁÌÉÑÒÉËÏÍ Œ»ÒÐÔÍ ÑÀŒÆÔÍÁ ŒÅ ÒÎ ÐÓÐÎ 31 §ÁÍ. 44/2001 (ÐÓÐÎ 35 §ÁÍ. 1215/2012) 91
™ÅÍÉ˾ÒÅÐÁ ÇÉÁ ÒÈ Ì¼ÃÈ worldwide Mareva/freezing injunction ÐÉÍ Á¾ ÒÈÍ »ËÄÎÑÈ ÒÈÕ Á¾-
ÆÁÑÈÕ Å½ ÒÈÕ Î×ѽÁÕ, ÒÁ ÁÇÇÌÉË ÄÉËÁÑÒ¼ÐÉÁ »ÓÅÑÁÍ ÑÒÁÄÉÁË ÎÐÉь»ÍÅÕ ÐÎڍÎÓ»ÑÅÉÕ, ÎÉ
΍νÅÕ ÅÍ Ç»ÍÅÉ ŒÎÐŽ ÍÁ ÅɍÔÓŽ ¾ÒÉ ÁÎÑË΍ÎÀÑÁÍ ÑÒÈ ÄÉÁÒ¼ÐÈÑÈ ÒÎ× Ñ×ÍÒÈÐÈÒÉËÎÀ ËÁÉ
ÐÎÑÔÐÉÍÎÀ ÖÁÐÁËÒ¼ÐÁ ÒÎ× ÅÍ Ì¾ÇÔ Œ»ÒÐÎ×, ÑÒÎÍ in personam ÖÁÐÁËÒ¼ÐÁ ÒÎ×, ËÁÓÏÕ
ËÁÉ ÑÒÈ ÄÉÁÑÆÌÉÑÈ ÒÔÍ ÐÎ΍ÒÉËÏÍ ÅËÒ»ÌÅÑ¼Õ ÒÎ×. ¨Å ÒÉÕ ÁÎÆÑÅÉÕ Derby & Co v. Ltd v
Weldon272 È Ì¼ÃÈ ÒÈÕ worldwide Mareva injunction ÅÊÁÐÒ¼ÓÈËÅ Á¾ ÒÎÍ ¾ÐÎ ÍÁ ÄÎÓŽ Á¾
ÒÎ×Õ ÅÍÇÎÍÒÅÕ È ×¾ÑÖÅÑÈ (undertaking ) ¾ÒÉ ÄÅÍ ÅÐ¾ËÅÉÒÎ ÍÁ ÅËËÉͼÑÎ×Í ÁÌÌÎÄÁ»Õ Ľ-
ËÅÕ ÖÔÐ½Õ ÍÁ ÒÉÕ ÇÍÔÑÒ΍ÎɼÑÎ×Í ÑÒÎ ÁÇÇÌÉ˾ ÄÉËÁÑÒ¼ÐÉÎ, ËÁÓÏÕ ËÁÉ ¾ÒÉ ÄÅÍ ÅÐ¾ËÅÉÒÎ ÍÁ
ÖÐÈÑɌ΍ÎɼÑÎ×Í ÒÈÍ Mareva injunction, ÁÌÌ ËÁÉ ÒÈ Ñ×ÍÁƼ disclosure order ŒÅ ÑË΍¾ ÍÁ
ÐÎÂÎÀÍ ÑÒÈ Ñ×ÍÒÈÐÈÒÉ˼ ËÁÒÑÖÅÑÈ ÅÐÉÎ×ÑÉÁËÏÍ ÁÍÒÉËÅɌ»ÍÔÍ ÑÒÈÍ ÁÌÌÎÄÁ¼, ÅÍ»ÐÇÅÉÁ È
΍νÁ ÓÁ ÅÐÖ¾ÒÁÍ ÑÅ ÁÍÒ½ÓÅÑÈ ŒÅ ÒÎÍ in personam ÖÁÐÁËÒ¼ÐÁ ÒÎ× ×¾ Ñ×ؼÒÈÑÈ Œ»ÒÐÎ×.
ŸÅ Ñ×ÍÐÒÈÑÈ ÉĽÔÕ ŒÅ ÒÁ Å×ÐԍÁÙË ÄÅÄΌ»ÍÁ, Á¾ÆÁÑÈ-ÑÒÁӌ¾ ÑÒÈ ÍΌÎÌÎÇÉÁ˼ ÅÊ»ÌÉ-
ÊÈ ÁÍÁÆÎÐÉË ŒÅ ÒÉÕ ÐÎڍÎÓ»ÑÅÉÕ ÑËÈÑÈÕ ×ÅÐÅÄÁÆÉË¼Õ ÄÉËÁÉÎÄÎѽÁÕ Á¾ ÒÁ ÁÇÇÌÉË ÄÉ-
ËÁÑÒ¼ÐÉÁ Ñ×ÍÉÑÒ È Á¾ÆÁÑÈ ÒÎ× ÅÆÅÒŽÎ× ÑÒÈÍ ×¾ÓÅÑÈ Babanaft International Co. SA v
Bassatne273. ¯É ÐÎڍÎÓ»ÑÅÉÕ Î× »ÓÅÑÅ ÒÎ ÄÉËÁÑÒ¼ÐÉÎ ÇÉÁ ÒÈÍ Á͍Ò×ÊÈ ×ÅÐÅÄÁÆÉË¼Õ ÅÍ»Ð-
ÇÅÉÁÕ ŒÉÁÕ post-judgment Mareva injunction ׍¾ ÒÈ ŒÎÐƼ ÁÑÆÁÌÉÑÒÉËÎÀ Œ»ÒÐÎ× ËÁÉ ÎÉ ÎÎ½-
ÅÕ Ñ׌×ËÍÏÓÈËÁÍ ÑÒÈÍ ÅнÆÈŒÈ Babanaft proviso274, Ñ×ͽÑÒÁÍÒÎ, ÁÆÅÍ¾Õ ÑÒÈÍ ÁÁ½ÒÈÑÈ
È ×¾ ËнÑÈ ÄÉÁÒÁǼ ÍÁ ŒÈÍ ÅÐÉÌÁŒÂÍÅÉ ÁÍÒÉËŽŒÅÍÁ Î× ÂнÑËÎÍÒÁÉ ÅËÒ¾Õ ÒÈÕ (ÅÄÁÆÉ˼Õ)
272. Derby & Co Ltd v Weldon (No 2) [1989] 1 All ER 469 ËÁÉ Derby & Co Ltd v Weldon (No 2) [1989]
1 All ER 1002. žÐÂÌ. ËÁÉ American Cynamid Co v Ethicon Limited, [1975] AC 396, ¾Î× Ò»ÓÈËÁÍ
ÐÎڍÎÓ»ÑÅÉÕ ÑÒÎ ÌÁ½ÑÉÎ ÒÈÕ ÄÉÁËÐÉÒÉË¼Õ Å×Ö»ÐÅÉÁÕ ÒÎ× ÄÉËÁÑÒÈнÎ×, ¾ÔÕ È ÉÓÁÍÎ̾ÇÈÑÈ ÒÈÕ
ÂÁÑɌ¾ÒÈÒÁ ÒÈÕ Á½ÒÈÑÈÕ, ¼ ÎÉÎÕ ÄÉÄÉËÎÕ Å½ÍÁÉ ÉÎ ÉÓÁ; ÍÁ ÍÉ˼ÑÅÉ ÑÒÎ Ò»ÌÎÕ.
273. Babanaft International Co SA v Bassatne [1989] 1 All ER 433. £Ð¾ËÅÉÒÎ ÇÉÁ ÒÈÍ ÁÇÔǼ ŒÉÁÕ ÌÎÉÎËÒÈ-
ÒÉË¼Õ ÅÒÁÉнÁÕ ŒÅÒÁÆÎÐÏÍ ÅÍÁÍÒ½ÎÍ ÒÔÍ ÐÏÈÍ ÄÉÁÖÅÉÐÉÑÒÏÍ ÒÈÕ, ÎÉ ÎÎ½ÎÉ ÄÅÍ ×ÇÎÍÒÁÍ ÑÒÈÍ ÁÇÇÌÉ˼
ÄÉËÁÉÎÄÎѽÁ. ±Î Á½ÒȌÁ ÒÈÕ ÁÇÔÇ¼Õ ¼ÒÁÍ ÁÎØȌÉÔÒÉ˾ ËÁÉ ÁÍ»ÐÖÎÍÒÁÍ ÑÅ 15 ÅË. ÄÎÌ. ¥ž¡.
274. "The terms of this Order do not affect or concern anyone outside the jurisdiction of this Court until it
is declared enforceable or is enforced by a Court in the relevant country and then it shall affect him
only to the extent it has been declared enforceable or has been enforced UNLESS such person is: a
person to whom this Order is addressed or an officer of or an agent appointed by a power of attorney
of such a person; or a person who is subject to the jurisdiction of this Court and (a) has been given
written notice of this Order at his residence or place of business within the jurisdiction of this Court
and (b) is able to prevent acts or omissions outside the jurisdiction of this Court which constitute or
assist in the breach of the terms of this Order". ¥ ÁÇÇÌÉ˼ ÍΌÎÌÎǽÁ ÅÑÒ½ÁÑŠō½ÑÈÕ ÑÒÈÍ ÐÎÑÒÁѽÁ
ÒÔÍ ÒнÒÔÍ ÐÎÑύÔÍ Î× Ò×Ö¾Í Å½ÍÁÉ ËÒÎÖÎÉ ÅÐÉÎ×ÑÉÁËÏÍ ÑÒÎÉÖŽÔÍ ÒÎ× ÎÆÅÉÌ»ÒÈ, ÒÁ ΍νÁ
ÂнÑËÎÍÒÁÉ ÑÒÈÍ ÁÌÌÎÄÁ¼ ËÁÉ ÅÉÄÉ˾ÒÅÐÁ ÑÒÈÍ ÅÍÄÅÖ¾ŒÅÍÈ Ó»ÑÈ ÑÀÇËÐÎ×ÑÈÕ ËÁÓÈ˾ÍÒÔÍ, ÑÒÈÍ
΍νÁ ŽÍÁÉ Ä×ÍÁÒ¾Í ÍÁ ÅÐÉ»ÌÓÅÉ Î ÒнÒÎÕ (Ñ×ͼÓÔÕ ÓÁ Ð¾ËÅÉÒÁÉ ÇÉÁ ÒÐÁÅØÉ˾ ËÁÒÑÒȌÁ)· ÐÂÌ.
ÒÈ ÌÅǾŒÅÍÈ ‘Baltic proviso’, ËÁÒ ÒÈÍ ÎÎ½Á: "Nothing in this order shall, in respect of assets located
outside England andWales (and in particular) [specify if necessary the country concerned] prevent [the
Bank] or its subsidiairies from complying with: (1) what it reasonably believes to be its obligations,
contractual or otherwise, under the laws and obligations in the country or state in which those assets
are situated or under the proper law of the account in question; (2) any order of the Courts of that
country or state". ²ÎÇÐÁŒŒ½ØÅÒÁÉ ¾ÒÉ È ÍΌÎÌÎǽÁ ÒÔÍ ÁÇÇÌÉËÏÍ ÄÉËÁÑÒÈнÔÍ ÁÍÒÉ̼ÆÓÈËÅ ÒÉÕ ÐÎ-
ڍÎÓ»ÑÅÉÕ Î× ÁÎÑË΍ÎÀÑÁÍ ÑÒÈÍ ÅÊ»ÒÁÑÈ ÒÔÍ ÐÎ΍ÒÉËÏÍ ÅËÒ»ÌÅÑÈÕ ÒÔÍ ×ÅÐÅÄÁÆÉËÏÍ ÁÑÆÁ-
ÌÉÑÒÉËÏÍ Œ»ÒÐÔÍ ÅÐÉÑѾÒÅÐÎ ÔÕ ÅÍÒÁÑѾŒÅÍÅÕ ÑÒÎ ÌÁ½ÑÉÎ ÄÉÅÓÍÎÀÕ Ñ×ÍÅÐÇÁѽÁÕ (comity), ¾ÔÕ
ÁÍÁÆ»ÐÅÉ ËÁÉ Î LJ Kerr ÑÒÈÍ Á¾ÆÁÑÈ Babanaft. ŸÁÍɾÒÅÐÁ ÎÉ ÐÎڍÎÓ»ÑÅÉÕ Á×Ò»Õ Ò»ÓÈËÁÍ ËÁÉ
׍¾ ÒÎ Ð½ÑŒÁ ÒÈÕ ÁŒÎÉÂÁɾÒÈÒÁÕ, ÒÈÕ ÉÓÁÍÎ̾ÇÈÑÈÕ ÄÈÌÁļ Á¾ ÒÎ ÄÉËÁÑÒ¼ÐÉÎ ÒÔÍ ÁÑÆÁÌÉÑÒÉ-
165
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